The Region of Abruzzo is one of Italy’s most diverse and unspoiled areas, offering a unique blend of wild mountain landscapes, charming medieval villages, and a stunning Adriatic coastline. Despite being just a short drive from Rome, Abruzzo remains one of Italy’s least explored regions, making it an ideal destination for those seeking authentic Italian culture, outdoor adventures, and incredible food.
Whether you’re drawn to hiking in the Apennines, exploring ancient castles, or relaxing on sandy beaches, Abruzzo offers something for everyone.
A Brief History of the Region of Abruzzo
The Origin of the Name “Abruzzo”
The name “Abruzzo” is believed to have evolved from the Latin term Aprutium, but its origins are debated:
- Derived from the Praetutii, an ancient Italic tribe whose main city was Interamna (modern-day Teramo).
- From “aper” (boar), referring to the region’s historic abundance of wild boars.
- From “abruptum” (rugged, steep), describing Abruzzo’s mountainous terrain.
- From “a Bruttiis” (from the Bruttii), suggesting historical connections to the Bruttii people of Calabria.
A Land of Ancient Civilizations
Before Roman rule, Abruzzo was home to powerful Italic tribes like the Sabines, Samnites, and Marsi, known for their warrior culture and resistance to Roman conquest. The region later became part of the Roman Empire, with major roads such as the Via Claudia Valeria enhancing its strategic importance.
During the Middle Ages, Abruzzo was ruled by the Lombards, Normans, and the Kingdom of Naples, leaving behind fortified castles, Romanesque churches, and medieval towns that remain well-preserved today.
In 1963, Abruzzo separated from Molise, becoming its own distinct region while retaining a shared cultural and historical heritage.
Geography: The Wild Heart of Italy
Majestic Mountains and National Parks
Abruzzo is known as the greenest region in Europe, with over a third of its territory protected as national parks and reserves. Key highlights include:
- Gran Sasso e Monti della Laga National Park – Home to Corno Grande, the highest peak in the Apennines.
- Majella National Park – A rugged landscape with caves, canyons, and wolves.
- Abruzzo, Lazio & Molise National Park – Famous for Marsican brown bears and chamois.
The Adriatic Coast: From Beaches to Clifftop Towns
Abruzzo’s 130 km coastline features golden beaches, dramatic cliffs, and charming fishing villages. Notable destinations include:
- Trabocchi Coast – A stretch of coast known for its historic wooden fishing structures (trabocchi).
- Pescara – A lively seaside city with long sandy beaches and vibrant nightlife.
- Vasto – A picturesque coastal town with a charming historic center and spectacular views.
Ancient Hilltop Villages and Castles
Abruzzo is dotted with medieval villages, monasteries, and imposing castles:
- Santo Stefano di Sessanio – A beautifully preserved medieval village.
- Rocca Calascio – A breathtaking mountaintop fortress featured in movies like Ladyhawke.
- Castello Piccolomini (Celano) – A stunning Renaissance castle with panoramic views.
Top Towns and Cities to Visit in Abruzzo
L’Aquila – The Historic Capital
L’Aquila, Abruzzo’s capital, boasts a mix of medieval architecture, lively piazzas, and stunning mountain scenery.
Highlights:
- Basilica di San Bernardino – A beautiful Renaissance church.
- Forte Spagnolo – A massive Spanish fortress overlooking the city.
- Fontana delle 99 Cannelle – A unique fountain with 99 spouts, each symbolizing a different local village.
Pescara – The Gateway to the Adriatic
Pescara is Abruzzo’s largest city, known for its beaches, nightlife, and modern feel.
Must-See Attractions:
- Ponte del Mare – A futuristic pedestrian bridge with stunning sea views.
- Gabriele D’Annunzio’s Birthplace – Museum dedicated to the famous poet.
Sulmona – The City of Confetti
Sulmona, the birthplace of Roman poet Ovid, is famous for:
- Confetti (Sugared Almonds) – A specialty sold in colorful bouquets.
- Piazza Garibaldi – A stunning square surrounded by medieval buildings.
Vasto – A Coastal Gem
Vasto offers a perfect mix of history, beaches, and local cuisine.
Top Attractions:
- Palazzo d’Avalos – A Renaissance palace with art and archaeology exhibits.
- Punta Aderci Nature Reserve – A stunning coastal park ideal for hiking.
Abruzzo’s Food & Wine: A Culinary Adventure
Abruzzo’s cuisine is rustic, flavorful, and deeply tied to its mountainous landscape.
Must-Try Dishes in Abruzzo
- Maccheroni alla Chitarra – Fresh pasta cut using a guitar-like wooden frame, served with lamb ragù.
- Arrosticini – Skewers of grilled lamb, a regional specialty.
- Agnello a Cutturo – A slow-cooked lamb stew with herbs and vegetables.
- Pecorino Abruzzese – A local sheep’s milk cheese, aged for intense flavor.
Wine & Olive Oil in Abruzzo
Abruzzo produces some of Italy’s best wines and olive oils.
- Montepulciano d’Abruzzo – A rich, full-bodied red wine.
- Trebbiano d’Abruzzo – A crisp and refreshing white wine.
- Extra Virgin Olive Oil – Made from Dritta and Gentile di Chieti olives.
Outdoor Activities & Things to Do in Abruzzo
Hiking & Adventure
- Corno Grande Hike – Reach the highest peak in the Apennines.
- Majella Caves – Explore ancient hermitages hidden in the mountains.
- Skiing in Roccaraso – Abruzzo offers some of the best skiing south of the Alps.
Cultural & Historical Experiences
- Explore Trabocchi Coast – Dine in historic wooden fishing huts over the Adriatic.
- Attend the Snake Festival in Cocullo – A unique folklore event honoring Saint Dominic.
- Discover Roman Ruins in Amiternum – An ancient city with an amphitheater.
Getting Around Abruzzo
Public Transport
- FS Trains connect major cities like L’Aquila, Pescara, and Sulmona.
- Buses reach mountain villages but can be infrequent.
Best Way to Explore?
A rental car is the best way to visit remote villages, national parks, and coastal gems.
Why Visit the Region of Abruzzo?
The Region of Abruzzo is a hidden treasure waiting to be explored. From snow-capped mountains to sun-soaked beaches, it offers a perfect balance of history, adventure, and authentic Italian charm. Whether you’re hiking in Gran Sasso, strolling through medieval villages, or indulging in Abruzzese cuisine, this region will captivate your heart and soul.
With its untouched beauty, friendly locals, and incredible food, Abruzzo is a destination that deserves to be on every traveler’s list.
